What is a coronary heart disease?
If at least one coronary vessel in place by more than 50% is concentrated at least, this is called a "coronary heart disease". If only deposits on the vessel walls are present, this sclerosis is "coronary" called.
How come?
Cholesterol deposition in the Aderwand leads to inflammation and the formation of keloid scar greasy, it gives the atherosclerotic plaque. The inside walls of the coronary vessels at birth, and some people even on the 90th Age and also a mirror normal width. You can not simple tubes, such as with whom, compare heating, but are a living tissue that some properties comparable with our skin is. From it we know how many strains and injuries they endure and how well they sometimes, usually without even training of scars can heal again.
In people with congenital sensitivity of the coronary arteries of cholesterol deposits, or disturbance of cholesterol processing in the liver, these vessels, like all other arteries of the body throughout life due to deposits ("plaque") in the vessel walls constrict also (narrowing = stenosis ), and even close.
normal arteries first deposits slight narrowing significant narrowing History of atherosclerosis
Such wall deposits caused by excessive intake of bad LDL cholesterol in the delicate Aderinnenhaut (endothelium) of arteries. This leads to the formation there of a kind of inflammation which resulted in thick scar tissue, and subsequent calcium deposits are formed, the thickening and hardening of the vessel wall leads to. This whole process is called atherosclerosis, a thickening of the vessel wall, the atherosclerotic plaque. With a strong expression of this plaque, it is increasingly becoming a narrowing and then occasionally for closure of the blood vessel. Especially susceptible are the Aderabschnitte this a particularly strong impact of blood flow is at. The example is at the start of the vessels and arterial branches in the case. By a poor diet and lifestyle will accelerate the development of arteriosclerosis, so that these early life occurs in old age than it would have been the case otherwise (see further details below).
Schematic representation of the formation of plaques in the coronary arteries
(= Atheroma plaque, Thromobozyten = platelets Markrophagen = macrophages
= Foam cells filled with fat-eating cells)
The coronary arteries have large reserves that only in case of extreme narrowing of the vessels caused discomfort Sun
By nature, the blood supply to the heart with a very well secured. The coronary arteries, if they are healthy, sometimes more blood could be used to promote 200 as the strongest effort on. Therefore, first make reductions in vessel diameter by 50% with a very heavy load (eg, race) in the form of tightness and sometimes pain in the chest (angina pectoris) felt. With a narrowing of about 70% angina pectoris occurs already at a moderate load (eg walking uphill) and more than 90% narrowing at rest in the first place. However, there are people who lack angina pectoris in blood flow to the heart muscle do not feel, such as diabetics or people with a low innate equipment of pain nerves of the heart muscle.
Cross-section of a coronary artery with atherosclerotic wall deposition
In a darker yellow to show the cholesterol deposits (photo)
We now know that coronary heart disease, these vulnerable people mainly due to ample food from animal fat, meat, and little fruit and vegetables as well as by obesity, and smoking, lack of physical activity that increased blood pressure and diabetes to the market or the outbreak strongly accelerates in . In countries where people mostly only in plant foods to take in, such as on Crete, in southern Spain or especially in rural China, is a heart attack a rarity. This also applies to humans, the regions with large consumption of fish live in, such as Iceland, Norway or Japan. This play may be the better studied and more than arteriosclerosis-retardant found, discounted omega 3 fatty acids of marine fatty fish a role.
It is noteworthy that the mean total cholesterol in the blood of all the people of the earth about 150 mg / dl, while we in our industry are the Western countries believe in that 200 mg / dl was a good value already! However, today recommended to us also in healthy people the value of total cholesterol mg / dl to 190 to decrease.
Recent research shows that atherosclerosis by vascular irritation arises in the form of inflammation in addition to which no bacteria are directly involved, however. There are increasing also signs that inflammation places in the body such as chronic gum inflammation, arteriosclerosis so charming to others in that part of the blood in some parts of the diseased Aderwand clots and a form can clot there, the worst case, the thickness is in, that the entire vein clogged and so a "thrombosis" is created. For this the coronary vessels in place, it comes to a heart attack.